Key considerations for choosing between HiPIMS and Arc evaporation

PVD (Physical Vapour Deposition) coatings are thin films that convert solid materials into vapour in a vacuum chamber and condense them onto target surfaces. These coatings provide decorative finishes (like gold or black colours) and functional properties (such as hardness and corrosion resistance) for products ranging from watches to tools.

Schematic illustration of HiPIMS process (courtesy of Faunhofer IST)

Luxury coatings for watches are not only for aesthetic functionality but also to provide critical performance such as sweat resistance (constant skin contact), impact & scratch resistance (daily wear), water resistance (maintaining case sealing), UV stability (preventing colour fade) and

chemical resistance (cosmetics, lotions). Either HiPIMS or Arc is used for decorative coatings to achieve hard and bright colours.

A schematic of HIPIMS process, picture by: PhD Barnali Biswas

Let's compare HiPIMS (High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering) and Arc PVD for decorative coatings:

🎱HiPIMS advantages:

Superior surface smoothness, ideal for luxury finishes
Better coating uniformity and density
Excellent adhesion due to high ionisation
Lower droplet/defect density
Good for complex geometries

⚡️Arc PVD advantages:

Higher deposition rates
Better coating hardness typically
More established/mature technology
Lower equipment costs
Generally easier process control